jueves, 26 de noviembre de 2009

El hippismo en Argentina.



En un mar mundial de revoluciones culturales y artísticas marcadas por el rechazo a la violencia de la guerra de Vietnam y por las influencias de la generación Beat, la segunda mitad de los sesenta marcó a un grupo de jóvenes platenses que decidieron avocarse a una vida comunitaria, inspirada en los movimientos pacifistas norteamericanos.

La Cofradía de la Flor Solar surge en el verano de 1967, cuando el golpe del General Juan Carlos Onganía desarrolló la cruenta “noche de los bastones largos” e impuso la intervención de las universidades nacionales, a la que siguió el éxodo obligado de cientos de profesores: “Ahí fue cuando nos fuimos de Bellas Artes con un proyecto de hacer una escuela paralela a la intervenida Escuela Superior, con todos los profesores que habían echado por el Golpe. Hasta formamos un comedor universitario... Ese fue el origen de la Cofradía”, reitera en cada entrevista periodística Ricardo, “Mono” Cohen, más conocido como Rocambole, quien fuera miembro del grupo.

Es en ese momento en el que estos jóvenes artistas, fuertemente influenciados por el movimiento hippie que se venía dando en Estados Unidos, deciden instalarse en una casona en las afueras de la Ciudad y conformar una comunidad, en la que compartían no solo la convivencia, sino innumerables producciones artísticas y artesanales, un novedoso proyecto musical, que devino en el primer experimento argentino de esas características, totalmente trasgresor para la época.

Para los cofrades, -entre quienes podía encontrarse además de Rocambole, a los hermanos Beilinson, Kubero Díaz y Miguel Cantilo, entre otros- uno de los personajes clave en la formación de aquel proyecto cultural, fue Manuel López Blanco, un profesor de Bellas Artes que había sido echado por los militares en el año 1966 y cuyas enseñanzas inspiraron la creación de la mítica comunidad. “Manolo tenía una cátedra de Filosofía y Estética que era muy abierta, muy de desatornillar cabezas y destapar cráneos. Era una cátedra fundamentalmente marxista”, indicó Rocambole, quien además explicó que “en la época del golpe de Onganía es echado de la facultad y nosotros, como centro de estudiantes en el exilio, lo llamamos para que diera cátedras paralelas a la universidad, al aire libre. Influyó en la mentalidad de elaborar una comuna. Eran instancias que nos planteó él”.

Según detalla Pujol, los cofrades vivían de sus artesanías y de las encomiendas con alimentos que los chicos del interior recibían regularmente de sus familiares. En este ámbito, las parejas no practicaban el amor libre como muchas veces se pensaba; se compartían lecturas, música y habían montado un taller de serigrafía donde hacían afiches para las compañías de teatro independiente de La Plata.

De chicos raros a transgresores.

En los comienzos de esta experiencia comunitaria, hasta principio de los años 70 “estaba todo bien, porque la gente todavía no se había difundido en el imaginario el hecho del hippie drogadicto. Éramos sólo gente rara”, señaló Rocambole en una entrevista a la revista La Mano.

Sin embargo, pronto vino la represión y el aspecto hippie, acompañado solo de unas pocas prácticas vinculadas con ese estilo de vida se fueron convirtiendo en el modelo a perseguir por las Fuerzas de Seguridad. “Lo que sin duda les dio cierta coherencia interna a los hippies argentinos, determinándolos como un colectivo con personalidad propia fue la represión policial”, apuntó Pujol.

En este contexto de violencia y transformaciones es en el que finaliza la Cofradía. En el verano de 1972, todos se trasladaron hacia Mar del Plata, “la Cofradía viajaba así: iban los equipos y todas las cosas en una pequeña camioneta, y todo el resto iba a dedo”, comenta Rocambole. Según su relato, en esa época estaba en la localidad balnearia un comisario al que le decían "Lobo" y un día hubo una denuncia de vecinos y cayeron patrulleros al lugar donde estaban parando. “No encontraron droga. Y el Lobo dijo: ‘Yo no voy a movilizar cinco patrulleros para nada’ y enseguida hizo aparecer droga. Nos llevaron todos a un centro de detención ilegal y todos estuvimos 5 días desaparecidos, incluso mujeres y hasta un bebé. Salimos porque hubo unos familiares y movilizaron abogados. Nos salvamos, pero descubrimos que en La Plata había habido un operativo similar y se llevaron todos los instrumentos y rompieron todo el taller. Nos quedamos sin la estructura y hasta se negaron a seguir alquilándonos el lugar; así que decidimos desensillar hasta que aclare”, concluyó el artista.

POR: Julia De Diego

Fuente: http://www.eldia.com.ar/especiales/hippie/historia.htm#cofradia

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